Udonga oluhlanganisiweyo lwamakhethini luhlobo lodonga lomkhusane olunomgangatho ophezulu wokusetyenzwa kumzi-mveliso. Kwifektri, ayisiyiyo kuphela iifreyimu ezithe nkqo, iifreyimu ezithe tyaba kunye namanye amacandelo acutshungulwayo, kodwa kwakhona la macandelo adityaniswa abe ngamacandelo amacandelo, kunye neepaneli zodonga lomkhusane (iglasi, iipaneli ze-aluminium, iipaneli zamatye, njl. njl.) izikhundla ezihambelanayo zezakhelo zecandelo leyunithi ukwenza amacandelo eyunithi. Ukuphakama kwecandelo leyunithi kufuneka kulingane okanye kukhulu kunomgangatho omnye kwaye kulungiswe ngokuthe ngqo kwisakhiwo esiyintloko. Izakhelo eziphezulu nezisezantsi (izakhelo ezisekhohlo nasekunene) zamacandelo eyunithi zifakelwe ukwenza intonga yokudibanisa, kwaye amakhonkco phakathi kwamacandelo eyunithi ayagqitywa ukwenza udonga oludityanisiweyo lomkhusane. Umsebenzi oyintloko ugqityiwe kumzi-mveliso, ukwenzela ukuba ukuveliswa kwemveliso kunokwenziwa, kuphuculwe kakhulu imveliso yabasebenzi kunye nomgangatho wemveliso.
Uhlobo lweyunithi lusombulula ingxaki yokuvuza kodonga lwamakhethini kwaye lwamkele "umgaqo we-isobaric"; ukuhanjiswa kwamandla kulula kwaye kunokuxhonywa ngokuthe ngqo kwiindawo ezifakwe phantsi, ekulula ukuyifaka. Iiyunithi zeyunithi zicutshungulwa kwaye zenziwe kwifektri, kwaye iglasi, ipleyiti ye-aluminium okanye ezinye izinto ezinokudityaniswa kwiyunithi yeyunithi kwiplanti yokucubungula. Kulula ukukhangela, okulungeleyo ekuqinisekiseni umgangatho opheleleyo wokwahlukana, ukuqinisekisa umgangatho wobunjineli bodonga lomkhusane, kunye nokukhuthaza iqondo loshishino lwesakhiwo. Udonga lwamakhethini eyunithi lunokwenziwa ukufezekisa nokugcina inkqubo yokutywinwa kabini. Uyilo lwesakhiwo seyunithi yodonga lomkhusane icandelo lofakelo lokudibanisa ujongano lunokufunxa i-inter-layer displacement kunye neyunithi deformation, kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo inokumelana neqondo elikhulu lentshukumo yokwakha, enenzuzo ngokukodwa kwizakhiwo eziphakamileyo kunye nezakhiwo zesakhiwo sentsimbi.
Udonga lwamakhethini adibeneyo luqulunqwe ngamacandelo amaninzi azimeleyo. Lonke ukufakwa kwepaneli kunye nokutywinwa okudityanisiweyo kwephaneli ngaphakathi kwecandelo ngalinye elizimeleyo liyacutshungulwa kwaye lidityaniswe kumzi-mveliso. Inombolo yokuhlelwa ithuthelwa kwindawo yokwakha ukuze iphakanyiswe ngokomyalelo wofakelo lweprojekthi. Ufakelo lunokwenziwa ngaxeshanye kunye nokwakhiwa kwesakhiwo esiphambili (imigangatho emi-5-6 yanele). Ngokwesiqhelo iyunithi yeyunithi nganye inomgangatho omnye ukuphakama (okanye imigangatho emibini okanye emithathu ukuphakama) kunye negridi enye ububanzi. Iiyunithi zifakwe enye kwenye kwisakhiwo se-yin-yang, oko kukuthi, isakhelo ezithe nkqo ekhohlo nasekunene kunye nezakhelo ezithe tyaba eziphezulu nezisezantsi zamacandelo eyunithi zifakwe kunye namacandelo eyunithi akufuphi, kwaye iintonga zokudibanisa zenziwe ukufakela, ngokwenza oko kuhlangana phakathi kwamacandelo eyunithi. Isakhelo esime nkqo secandelo leyunithi sigxininiswe ngokuthe ngqo kwisakhiwo esiyintloko, kwaye umthwalo owuthweleyo udluliselwa ngokuthe ngqo kwisakhelo esithe nkqo secandelo leyunithi ukuya kwisakhiwo esiyintloko.
1. Ngokwendlela yokukhupha amanzi, inokwahlulwa ibe: uhlobo lwe-sliding oluthe tye kunye nohlobo lokutshixa oluthe tye;
2. Ngokwendlela yokufakela, inokwahlulwa ibe: uhlobo lweplagi kunye nohlobo lokungqubana;
3. Ngokutsho kweprofayili ye-cross-section, inokuhlulwa ibe: uhlobo oluvulekileyo kunye nohlobo oluvaliweyo.
1. Iipaneli zeyunithi yodonga lweyunithi yomkhusane zinokucutshungulwa kwaye zenziwe kwifektri, ekulula ukuyiqonda imveliso yeshishini, ukunciphisa iindleko zabasebenzi, kunye nokulawula umgangatho weyunithi; isixa esikhulu somsebenzi wokulungisa nokulungiswa kugqitywe kumzi-mveliso, ngaloo ndlela kufinyezwa udonga lomkhusane kwisiza sokwakha kunye nexesha lokwakhiwa kobunjineli, kuzisa inzuzo enkulu yezoqoqosho nezentlalo kumnini;
2. Iikholomu zamadoda kunye nabasetyhini phakathi kweeyunithi zifakwe kwaye zixhunyiwe, ezinekhono elinamandla lokuziqhelanisa nokufuduka kwesakhiwo esiphambili kwaye zinokuthatha ngokufanelekileyo iziphumo zenyikima, utshintsho lobushushu, kunye nokufuduka kwe-inter-layer. Udonga lwamakhethini eyunithi lufanelekile ngakumbi kwizakhiwo eziphezulu eziphezulu kunye nesakhiwo sentsimbi ecocekileyo izakhiwo eziphakamileyo;
3. Amalungu amaninzi atywinwe ngamacwecwe e-rubber, kwaye iglue enganyangekiyo yemozulu ayisetyenziswanga (leyo yindlela yophuhliso lwangoku lweteknoloji yodonga lwamakhethini ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe). Ayichaphazeleki yimozulu kwisicelo seglue, kwaye ixesha lokwakha lilula ukulawula;
4. Ekubeni udonga lwamakhethini eyunithi lwakhiwe ngokukodwa kwaye lufakwe ngaphakathi, ukulungelelaniswa kwesakhiwo esiyintloko sihluphekile, kwaye asifanelekanga kwisakhiwo esiphambili kunye neendonga zokucheba kunye neendonga zefestile;
5. Umbutho wokwakha ongqongqo kunye nolawulo olufunekayo, kwaye kukho ulandelelwano oluqinileyo lokwakha ngexesha lokwakha. Ufakelo kufuneka lwenziwe ngokulandelelana kokufaka. Kukho izithintelo ezingqongqo ekubekweni koomatshini bokwakha njengezixhobo zokuthutha ezithe nkqo ezisetyenziselwa ukwakhiwa okuphambili, ngaphandle koko kuya kuchaphazela ukufakwa kweprojekthi yonke.
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